The article deals with the theory of levels of religiosity proposed by one of the classics of the phenomenology of religion F. Heiler. In his works he offered a system of levels of religiosity structured from primitive to higher – mystical and prophetic – types. The article presents Heiler’s theory and summarizes the main features of the two higher types of religiosity, showing their specificity, similarities and differences. The article presents typology and distinctive features of mysticism and demonstrates that Heiler was far from uniting mysticism into a single whole. He divides mysticism in relation to feelings (hot and cold mysticism) and in relation to the mind (simple and rational-theological mysticism, which is divided into philosophical and psychological). In the final part of the article the author refers to the influences that the theory of two types of religiosity had on the works of Max Weber, Gershom Sсholem and Anna-Marie Sсhimmel.
Key words: phenomenology of religion, mystic, prophet, Friedrich Heiler, Max Weber, Gershom Scholem, Anna-Marie Schimmel
DOI: 10.22250/2072-8662.2018.2.101-109
About the author
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Tatiana S. Samarina – PhD (Philosophy), Research Fellow at the Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences; 12/1 Goncharnaya str., Moscow, Russia, 109240; This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. |